Myths & Legends
Crete boasts a remarkable array of divine and heroic figures, some of which trace back to the ancient Minoan era. Numerous Greek myths are intertwined with Crete, continuing to captivate with stories of untamed nature goddesses, divine youths, priestesses wielding serpents, legendary kings, bull-headed creatures, and innovative inventors.
In the second millennium BCE, the island of Crete was inhabited by an advanced pre-Greek society known as 'the Minoans'. When archaeologist Sir Arthur Evans began excavating the Knossos site on Crete in 1900, he often linked his discoveries to ancient Cretan myths. He named the structure at Knossos the 'Palace of Minos' after the legendary king of Crete and associated it with the tale of the Labyrinth. This elaborate maze was built by King Minos to confine the fierce Minotaur, a creature with a human body and a bull's head. According to the myth, the Minotaur was slain by Theseus, the renowned hero of semi-divine descent. After defeating the Minotaur, Theseus returned to Greece, where he became the king and the founder of Athens.
The myth of Daedalus and Icarus is one of the most well-known and fascinating Greek myths, as it consists of both historical and mythical details. While in Crete, Daedalus drew up the plan for the Minoan Palace of Knossos, one of the most important archaeological sites in Crete and Greece. It was a magnificent architectural design and 1,300-room building adorned with stunning frescoes and artifacts that survive to this day.
One of Crete’s greatest mythological stories is that of the birthplace of Zeus, arguably the most famous and powerful god in Greek mythology. As Zeus grew up, he successfully defeated his father in a fight and overthrew him from his throne. Zeus freed his siblings from Kronos’ stomach and with his brothers Poseidon and Hades went to battle with the Titans. They overthrew the Titans and took control of the world. They divided the world up by drawing lots. Poseidon became lord of the sea, Zeus of the sky and Hades took over the dominion of the underworld.